Tungsten Carbide Cutting Tools Cutting Parameters

Tungsten carbide cutting tool, said cutting the amount of the main movement and feed exercise, cutting the amount of tungsten carbide cutting tools is the feed back of tungsten carbide cutting tools and knives to eat the amount (depth of cut), cutting cutting cutting process movement speed, in general. For process parameter adjustment of the machine. Cutting exercise is the main sport and the feed motion synthesis movement. Cutting means cutting edge point of the instantaneous velocity relative to the workpiece selected synthetic cutting movement. Calculated as the cutting speed Vc = πdn / 1000 = dn / 318, Vc is the cutting edge of the instantaneous velocity of the selected point relative to the main movement of the workpiece, in units of m / s or m / min. n units of r / min, said cemented carbide cutting tool of the workpiece rotational speed; d in units of mm, pieces of cemented carbide cutting tool showing the rotational diameter of the selected point.

Tungsten Carbide Cutting Tool Cutting Layer Parameters - Part 2

Tungsten carbide cutting tool cutting layer cross-sectional area AD: cutting layer called the nominal cross-sectional area, which is the size of the plane where the cutting layer cross-sectional area measurements.

Tungsten carbide cutting tool cutting thickness BD: The full name of cutting the nominal thickness, it is cutting the size of the layer surface perpendicular to the transitional measure.

Tungsten carbide cutting tool cutting layer width HD: Cutting called the nominal width, which is measured parallel to the cutting surface of the transition layer of size.

Cutting layer thickness and the width of the cutting angle with the main changes in the size. When the main angle equal to 90 °, cutting layer width equal amount of feed, cutting thickness equal to the depth of cut. Cutting layer cross-sectional area only cutting the amount of cutting depth, feed-related, from the main angle of impact. But the shape of the cross section of the cutting layer and the main angle, nose radius size. With the decrease of the main angle of the cutting thickness will be reduced, while cutting width will increase.

Tungsten Carbide Cutting Tool Cutting Layer Parameters - Part 1

Tungsten carbide cutting tools for cutting layer cutting section cut through the workpiece material layer is a way of cutting the workpiece being removed. Cutting layer shape, the deformation directly affects the size of the cutting process, the load on the tool and tungsten carbide cutting tool wear. When the main cutting edge and the secondary cutting edge is a straight line, and the blade angle equal to 0 °, the main angle greater than 0 °, cutting layer nominal cross-section of a parallelogram, when the main angle equal to 90 °, cutting layer nominal rectangular cross section . Carbide cutting tool cutting layer dimension refers to the base surface tungsten carbide cutting tools cutting layer metric length and width dimensions of tungsten carbide cutting tools and cutting parameters cutting layer cutting depth, feed size. But the direct impact of the cutting process the cutting layer and the thickness of the cross-sectional width dimension.

Composition of Tungsten Carbide Cutting Tool Cutting Part

Flank, the cutting edge constitutes a cutting portion of tungsten carbide cutting tools. Flank into rake, flank and vice flank. The rake tungsten carbide cutting tool is the chip flow through the surface; flank surface is the surface opposite to the transition; flanks is the surface opposite to the machined surface. Carbide cutting part of the tool between entities included in the front and back of a knife, said wedge. Divided into the main cutting edge of the cutting edge of the cutting edge and to pay two kinds. The main cutting edge is the front edge and the rear Concurrent secondary cutting edge is the cutting edge in addition to the main cutting edge.

Tungsten Carbide Cutting Tool Angle Reference System

Important parameters tungsten carbide cutting tool cutting part geometry is based on carbide cutting tool angle determined. Reference coordinate system refers to the respective reference plane tungsten carbide cutting tools are used to define the angle. Reference system into the tool and the tool stationary reference frame work of reference types. Tool stationary reference frame is a reference tool designed labeling, grinding and measuring, with the tool angle defined by said tool mark this angle; work of reference is a reference tool to determine the angle of the cutting tool to work with the tool angle, said this definition tool working angle.

Three Kinds of Tungsten Carbide Cutting Tools Cutting Mode

Tungsten carbide cutting tool cutting methods are non-free free-cutting and cutting and cutting orthogonal (at right angles to the cutting) and non-orthogonal cutting (bevel cutting) and three methods of the actual rake angle.

First, freedom and non-freedom cutting cutting: free-cutting is one of the main cutting edge participate in cutting, rather the contrary, the primary and secondary cutting edge while cutting is called to participate in non-free cutting. When free-cutting cutting deformation process is relatively simple, it is a pilot study of cutting commonly used method. The actual cutting is usually non-free cutting.

The second, orthogonal cutting (right angle cutting) and non-orthogonal cutting (bevel cutting): Right-angle cutting edge is perpendicular to the direction of cutting, and said the oblique cutting is not perpendicular to the cutting edge of the cutting direction cutting. Therefore, the blade knives are not equal to zero inclination angle cutting mode. Bevel cutting with a sharp edge, chip brisk, and many other features.

Third, the actual rake angle: rake angle of the cutting process actually works, said the actual rake angle, which is the angle between the plane of the front surface of the base containing the chip flow direction and perpendicular to the basal plane of the measurement. When oblique cutting chip flow direction have a greater deflection, the actual rake angle increases significantly.

Tungsten Carbide Cutting Tool Cutting Elements

Tungsten carbide cutting tool cutting elements include working angle tungsten carbide cutting tools, tungsten carbide cutting tool cutting basics, cutting motion tungsten carbide cutting tools and cutting the amount of tungsten carbide cutting tools and cutting layers and cutting detailed way. Different types of carbide cutting tools, its flank, the number of different cutting edge. But the most basic units of carbide cutting tools are two sides of a blade, a blade on both sides by two flank converge to a cutting edge. Any complex carbide cutting tools can be divided into a basic unit for analysis.

Tungsten Carbide Cutting Tools Working Angle

Changes tungsten carbide cutting tools working angle of tungsten carbide cutting tools because of the mounting position, change the cutting direction changes in the synthesis of movement. Therefore, the process of cutting tool angle, we should take the relative position of tungsten carbide cutting tool and the workpiece, thereby establishing the basis of the relative motion of reference, this reference system called the work of reference. Tool angle defined by the work of reference called working angle. In order to ensure smooth machining, machining to obtain acceptable surface, the cutting portion of the tool must have a reasonable geometry. The tool is a key factor used to determine the angle of the cutting tool part geometry.

Use Angle Tungsten Carbide Cutting Tools

Tungsten carbide cutting tool surface expression of the spatial orientation of the parameters, namely tungsten carbide cutting tool angle. Tungsten carbide cutting tool angle There are four types: the rake angle, clearance angle, angle and blade angle. Orthogonal planes of reference tool rake angle is the angle in front of the base surface correction cross angle between the plane and asked measured; orthogonal planes of reference tool angle after angle is corrected in the back with a cross-cutting between measured Plane folder angle; orthogonal planes of reference tool angle refers to the angle between the main plane of the base surface of the main cutting measure and assuming that the work plane angle; while orthogonal planes of reference tool angle of inclination refers to the cutting edge plane measured between the base surface and the angle of the cutting edge.

Tungsten carbide cutting tool angle of plus or minus provisions: When the front of the base surface parallel to the rake angle is zero. When the cutting plane between the front angle of less than 90 °, the rake angle is positive, is greater than 90 °, the rake angle is negative. Time is less than the angle between the base surface and the back 90 °, the angle is positive and greater than 90 °, the angle is negative.

Tungsten Carbide Cutting Tool to Install The Tool Working Angle of Impact

Tungsten carbide cutting tool installation tool has a greater impact on the work of the angle, the following will handle skewed impact on the work the Lord, vice declination; affect the level of cutting edge installation before work, after the corner; feeding direction of movement impact on tungsten carbide cutting tools work the primary and secondary angle and the vertical feed motion of the aspects of tungsten carbide cutting tools before work, after the angle of impact and so forth is not parallel to the axis of rotation of the workpiece. Tungsten carbide cutting tools working angle is considered a separate factors, skew or affect the level of the actual workpiece tungsten carbide cutting tools may have both installed, another feed affect movement. You should consider the impact of the comprehensive results of the overlay will come.

Handle skew impact on the work the Lord, vice declination: After turning counterclockwise rotation with the Quartet Ø corner turret, working the main angle increases, job deputy angle will be reduced. For example refined car adjustable positive Ø = k'r, then turning work vice declination equals 0 ° of k're. (See below: handle skew the primary and secondary angle on the job)

Factors Affecting the Life of Tungsten Carbide Cutting Tools

Factors that affect the life of tungsten carbide cutting tools includes the following:

Cutting speed Vc: increase the cutting speed Vc, the cutting temperature increased, wear and tear, so that the tool life T is reduced.

Feed back to eat with a knife amount αp: ƒ and αp increases the tool life are reduced, but after ƒ increases, cutting temperature more, so a greater impact on T; αp increases, improved heat dissipation conditions, it is less temperature rise of the cutting, and therefore has little effect on tool life.

Impact of tool geometry parameters: the tool geometry parameters affect tool life are: the front corner, the main angle, angle and nose radius deputy. Reduce the main angle, angle and increased Vice corner radius, can play to improve strength and reduce the cutting tool temperature effects, are conducive to improving tool life.

Workpiece material: the strength of materials processing, higher hardness and toughness, cutting both make cutting temperature, reduced tool life.

Tool material: tool material is an important factor affecting tool life, tool material such as thermal conductivity, higher wear resistance, longer cutting tool life, therefore, the choice of high-performance coated tool and tool material, is to improve the tool life effective way.

Tungsten Carbide Cutting Tool Life

Tungsten carbide tool wear at the time of the cutting tool by the work under high temperature conditions, the friction of the chip, so that the phenomenon of the tool material is gradually wear or breakage occurs. Tungsten carbide tool wear also means life, so to find out the cause of tool wear, prevent premature, excessive tool wear and how to extend tool life, which is affecting productivity, processing costs and processing quality is a key factor. Factors affecting the tungsten carbide cutting tool life there, feed, tool geometry parameters, factors such as workpiece material and tool material.

Oil-Soluble Tungsten Carbide Cutting Fluid Classification

Tungsten carbide cutting fluid into the oil-soluble cutting oil and extreme pressure cutting oil two kinds.

Cutting oil: Cutting oil mineral oil, animal and vegetable oils and complex oil (mineral oil and animal and plant oil mixed oil), which is more commonly used mineral oil. It is characterized by good thermal stability, abundant resources and cheap, but poor lubrication, it is mainly used for low cutting speed finishing, non-ferrous materials processing and ease of cutting steel processing. Machinery lubrication oil is good, so the use of fine cars in general, thread finish in a wide range.

Extreme pressure cutting oil: adding chlorine, sulfur, phosphorus and other mineral oils, extreme pressure additives formulated, it does not destroy the lubricating film at high temperature and has good lubricating effect, especially in this kind of cutting fluid for machining hard materials cutting widely used.

Water-Soluble Tungsten Carbide Cutting Fluid Classification

Tungsten carbide cutting fluid into an aqueous solution of water-soluble, synthetic cutting fluid emulsion and three.

Solution: adding rust is soft water-based agents, antifungal agents, has good cooling effect. Some of the oil was added an aqueous solution of an additive, a surfactant aqueous solution is transparent, in order to enhance lubricity and cleaning properties. Further, when the extreme pressure antiwear agent is added can be achieved by increasing the strength of the lubricant film at high temperature and high pressure. Solution commonly used in roughing and ordinary grinding.

Emulsion: a stirred mixture of water and then emulsified oil, milky white liquid formation. Use of the emulsion is very wide, can be formulated their own, with less emulsified oil emulsion called low concentration, it is mainly cooling effect for roughing and general grinding; major high concentration emulsion lubricant for finishing and processing of complex tool.

Synthetic cutting fluid: high performance at home and abroad to promote the use of cutting fluid, which is composed of water, various surface active agents, and chemical additives, it has good cooling, lubrication, cleaning and anti-rust, good thermal stability, long cycle and so on. Synthetic cutting fluid is not oil, can save energy, environmentally friendly, and abroad in high usage.

Types of Tungsten Carbide Cutting Tools Cutting Fluid

Tungsten carbide cutting tools is divided into two kinds of fluid to cool the main water-soluble cutting fluid to lubricate based and oil-soluble cutting fluid. Can be divided into an aqueous solution of water-soluble cutting fluid, emulsion and synthetic cutting fluid three. Oil-soluble cutting fluid can be divided into cutting oil and extreme pressure cutting oil two kinds. Solid lubricants are used most of molybdenum disulfide. Use molybdenum disulfide to prevent and suppress BUE produce, reduce cutting forces, can significantly extend the life of tungsten carbide cutting tools, reducing the surface roughness, eliminating the machined surface ripples and indentation, and carbide tool life can be doubled improved.

The Role of Tungsten Carbide Cutting Tools Cutting Fluid

Tungsten carbide cutting tool cutting fluid has a cooling effect, lubrication, chip removal and washing effect and anti-rust, tungsten carbide tool cutting fluid can effectively reduce the cutting force, reduce the cutting temperature, reducing processing system thermal distortion, extended tool life and improve the quality of the machined surface. Selection of high-performance cutting fluid is also an important measure to improve the cutting of difficult materials. Cutting fluid should have anti-foaming, anti-mildew qualitative no pollution, no deterioration odor emissions environment, nontoxic to humans and the use of economic and other requirements.

Tungsten Carbide Cutting Tool Wear Mechanism

Tungsten carbide cutting tool wear is inevitable in metal machining, the tool along the front surface of the chip load and high speed tool flank slip and friction generated energy is converted to heat, and this heat is taken away chips usually remaining among the incoming heat tool, heat and temperature are fundamental tool wear. Tungsten carbide cutting tool wear mechanism into abrasive wear, the phase transition wear, adhesive wear, diffusion and oxidation wear five forms. Reasonable choice of tool material, tool geometry parameters can improve the wear resistance, heat resistance and chemical stability of the tool. In addition, to improve the strength and tool sharpening tool quality, improve heat dissipation, the rational use of cutting fluids, can effectively prevent tungsten carbide tool wear.

Tungsten Carbide Cutting Tool Basic Rules of Procedure

Tungsten carbide cutting tool cutting process is through cutting exercise, like cut fruit to eat the rind cut off as cemented carbide cutting tools from excess metal layer formed on the workpiece cut chips and machined surfaces, this process of carbide cutting tools deformation, the formation of the chip, resulting in cutting force, cutting heat and cutting temperature, cutting tool wear, and many other phenomena. If the cut off peel back the original fruit roll back on, or you can fight together in accordance with the original look. However, carbide cutting tools cutting metal, especially in the continuous cutting of steel, the chip will not be as it is rolled up. Not because the chip is too hard, but because of the length of the chip will produce change's sake.

Chip shape under different cutting elements are also different. The thickness of the chip is several times the original, and a fraction of the length of the chip original. So, with a cutting speed obtained by cutting the chip, the chip is equivalent to a fraction of the cutting speed is produced.

After forming the shape of chips based on different shear slip cutting tools, chip into ribbon cuttings, festival-like chips, granular chip, chipping four types of chips.

Tungsten Carbide Cutting Tool Wear Classification - Normal Wear

Tungsten carbide tool wear at the time of the cutting tool by the work under high temperature conditions, the friction of the chip, so that the phenomenon of the tool material is gradually wear or breakage occurs. Explore the causes of tool wear, how to prevent premature, excessive tool wear and how to extend tool life, which is affecting productivity, a key factor in processing costs and processing quality. Tungsten carbide tool wear tool wear can be divided into normal and abnormal tool wear categories. Normal tool wear is continuous gradual wear and tear, including two non-normal tool wear and breakage of brittle plastic breakage.

Normal wear of tungsten carbide cutting tools: With the cutting time increased wear gradually expanded forms, including in front of wear, the main rear wear, deputy later wear.

Tungsten Carbide Boring Tool for Single-Edged Knife

Carbide single edge boring tool head structure and carbide turning almost single-edged tungsten carbide boring tool head mounted on the holder in accordance with the pore size of the hole is processed through manual manipulation, with screws Carbide location single edge boring tool tip. Carbide single edge boring tool head perpendicular to the axis of the boring bar and boring through holes, blind holes inclined installation can be boring. Carbide boring single-edged blade structure is not complicated, can be corrected original deflection and a small hole axis position deviation, wide adaptability, can be used for roughing, semi-finishing or finishing. However, the size of the tungsten carbide boring tool boring single blade aperture sizes rely on manual adjustments boring tool tip overhang to ensure more trouble, coupled with only a single blade tungsten carbide boring tool main cutting edge work, therefore, lower productivity, and more for single and small batch production.